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Since Brazil is a country that operates on civil law, the constitution dictates how the law enforcement institutions will be managed. Under civil law, the constitution is the last word on many legal proceedings. Brazilian law enforcement institutions are separated into federal and state authorities, but all police institutions are part of the executive branch of law. The police forces are separated as follows:
There are two distinct functions of the Brazilian police force. Some institutions enforce the law, while others are set in place to investigate crimes. Furthermore, there is a difference between law enforcement and maintaining order in the Brazilian system. Maintaining order in the Brazilian system is supposed to prevent crime, while law enforcement is meant to investigate and deal with the crime once it has already been committed.
For anyone looking to travel to Brazil, even as a short and leisurely vacation, it could be helpful to understand how the law enforcement system works. If you are mistakenly arrested by the military police, it will be difficult to communicate your case if you do not know who to speak with. Having a general understanding of any country’s law enforcement system before visiting it can be helpful. For those looking to spend more time in Brazil by buying a house or starting a business, not knowing how the law enforcement system works could be dangerous.
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